According to the clinical manifestations and severity of influenza, influenza is mainly divided into: typical influenza, mild influenza, pneumonia-type influenza, gastrointestinal influenza, poisoned influenza, and neurological influenza. The vast majority of patients present with typical flu, the main symptoms are high fever, headache, body pain, fatigue, sore throat and cough. These manifestations are mainly symptoms of systemic poisoning caused by high fever of respiratory symptoms.
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| The diarrhea may actually be the flu |
Recently, the flu has been strong, and the number of influenza patients has increased dramatically in hospital outpatient clinics. Some patients with influenza virus, fever and respiratory symptoms are not obvious, and there are more obvious gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, etc. This is the gastrointestinal flu. Gastrointestinal influenza occurs mostly in the elderly and children with weaker digestive tract function.
Some patients with influenza virus, fever and respiratory symptoms are not obvious, and there are more obvious gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting and so on. It is a special type of flu, also caused by influenza virus, but only clinical manifestations are different, so it is called gastrointestinal influenza. Because gastrointestinal influenza is similar to gastroenteritis, it is easy to misunderstand gastroenteritis.
Gastrointestinal influenza occurs mostly in the elderly and children with weak gastrointestinal function. It is not easy to distinguish from acute gastroenteritis, but the two are indeed different: patients with gastroenteritis often have a history of unclean diet, but not Accompanied by respiratory symptoms, stools are mostly loose stools, watery stools, mucus, accompanied by abdominal pain; gastrointestinal influenza pus and blood is rare, and more accompanied by respiratory symptoms. Stool routine tests are not specific. In patients with gastroenteritis, symptoms can be alleviated by regulating intestinal flora and antidiarrheal drugs, while patients with gastrointestinal influenza are not effective with these drugs.
Respiratory infection causes flu
Do not look at the main clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal influenza is diarrhea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms, but its transmission route is the same as other flu, is a respiratory infection.
After the influenza virus enters the respiratory tract, it invades the mucosa of the digestive tract through the bloodstream, and symptoms of the digestive tract appear. Old people, children and some hospitalized patients, their gastrointestinal function is weak, the flu virus specifically drilled into the digestive tract, causing mucosal reaction of the digestive tract, which will cause obvious gastrointestinal symptoms. If there are some food poisoning diseases in schools and kindergartens, the children's gastrointestinal immunity will be significantly reduced, and the flu virus will also be popular.
Less or not going to many places
It is the best way to stay away from patients. In people with dense populations, there are often people with viruses. So, go to places where there are not many people, or wear masks to minimize the amount of inhaled virus. Improving the protection of the body's immune function is an important part of disease prevention, such as protecting children from cold, overwork, regular life, and maintaining a happy mood. It should also protect the normal function of the digestive tract, not eat food that is not well digested, treat digestive tract infections in time, and prevent the virus from taking advantage of it.
The treatment of gastrointestinal influenza is basically the same as that of typical influenza, mainly symptomatic treatment. Because there is no specific drug treatment for viral infection, such as mild illness, as long as rest, eat light and easy to digest food, ensure adequate water and vitamins, and self-healing in a few days.
Because gastrointestinal influenza mainly manifests as diarrhea and vomiting, it is necessary to pay attention to dietary regulation after the illness: pay attention to the patient to eat some light, well-digested semi-liquid or liquid food, such as rice soup, porridge, noodles, etc., do not eat once. Too much, eat less and eat more, and gradually increase the amount of food intake according to the patient's gastrointestinal tract.
If the symptoms are obvious, symptomatic drugs such as antipyretics and painkillers may be used. Patients with severe diarrhea and vomiting may be temporarily fasted, and patients with dehydration should go to the hospital for oral or intravenous rehydration. This type of flu patient is not effective in taking antibiotics, but it will aggravate the symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract due to the stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract by antibiotics. Therefore, do not think of diarrhea as an intestinal infection, casual use of antibiotics, patients with unclear diagnosis can go to the hospital for routine stool examination.
Reminder
In the flu season, it is necessary to increase or decrease clothes according to weather changes, less or not to crowded public places and homes with flu patients. Entertainment should be moderate, to ensure sleep, not overeating, the room should be ventilated and kept clean.
When there is a flu patient in the family, it should be properly isolated. The tableware, towels, masks, toys, etc. used by the flu patients can be disinfected with boiling or washing liquid. The room where the flu patient lives can be sprayed or wiped with 5 ‰ of 84 disinfectant, and the vinegar fumigation is invalid. Influenza patients should stay in bed, diet is light and easy to digest liquid or semi-liquid food is appropriate, drink plenty of water, wash hands frequently.
Therefore, to prevent gastrointestinal flu, in addition to protecting your nose, but also to protect the gastrointestinal function and prevent other intestinal infections.
Is it necessary to take preventive medication when people with or during the flu have a cold?
Preventive medication is not recommended, but symptomatic treatment should be given after illness. It is a three-point drug, no matter which drug has side effects. In addition, do not abuse antibiotics because of fever, otherwise it will lead to bacterial resistance, which will adversely affect health. Moreover, excessive use of drugs and excessive increase of unnecessary medical expenses increase the economic burden of patients.
For special people, such as pregnant women should pay attention to what problems when treating the flu?
The flu is more harmful to pregnant women and may be detrimental to the fetus. Due to the current lack of relevant research, the specific harm to the flu is still unclear. On the basis of the principle of flu medication, pregnant women should choose drugs that are safe for pregnant women and fetuses according to the criteria for the risk of pregnancy. In addition, once you are sick, you are advised to go to the hospital as soon as possible for regular medical treatment.
What are the anti-influenza drugs?
Anti-influenza drugs include M2 protein ion channel inhibitors (amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir). Among them, M2 protein ion channel inhibitors are directed against influenza A virus, and neuraminidase inhibitors are directed against influenza A and B viruses. The use of antiviral drugs to treat patients with influenza in the acute phase without complications can shorten the course of disease and reduce its severity; it can also be used for influenza prevention in families, communities and institutions to prevent influenza exposure in people exposed to confirmed influenza. However, when using antiviral drugs to prevent influenza, consideration should be given to their costs, compliance with the population, and adverse reactions. Note that pregnant women, nerves, mental disorders, severe liver and kidney function impairment are banned, and these two drugs are prone to drug resistance.
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