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| What are the preventive measures for influenza? |
Strengthen personal health knowledge and education
1. Maintain indoor air circulation and avoid crowd gathering places during the peak season.
2. Use a paper towel when coughing or sneezing to avoid the spread of droplets.
3. Wash your hands thoroughly and avoid touching your mouth, eyes and nose.
4. If you have flu-like symptoms during the epidemic, seek medical advice and reduce exposure to others. Try to stay at home.
5. Patients with influenza should be isolated for 1 week or until the main symptoms disappear. Patient equipment and secretions should be thoroughly disinfected.
6. Strengthen outdoor physical exercise and improve the body's ability to resist disease.
7. The weather in autumn and winter is changeable, pay attention to adding and subtracting clothes.
8. Prevention and control of outbreaks within the organization: When the flu is already in the community, if there are two or more people with flu-like symptoms within 72 hours in the same institution, they should be vigilant and actively carry out pathogen testing. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient should be required to be admitted to hospital for treatment or home recuperation. Personal hygiene should be done to avoid and reduce contact with others. When it is confirmed that it is an outbreak within the organization, it shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the Emergency Public Health Emergency Regulations. When an outbreak occurs in a hospital, measures such as isolation protection should be implemented in accordance with the relevant technical guidelines.
9. Vaccination against influenza: Vaccination against influenza is the most effective alternative to other methods of preventing influenza and its complications. The vaccine needs to be vaccinated annually to be effectively protected, and the replacement of the vaccine strain is determined by the WHO based on global monitoring results. Priority population:
(1) People with a higher risk of complications after influenza
- Infants and young children aged 16 to 59 months.
- 2 ≥ 60 years old.
- adults and children suffering from chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, liver diseases, blood diseases, metabolic diseases and other diseases.
- Adults and children with immunosuppressive diseases or immunocompromised.
- people who can't take care of themselves and those who suffer from spontaneous drainage due to nervous system disorders, such as upper respiratory tract secretions.
- Long-term residential nursing homes and other chronic disease care institutions.
- Pregnant women and women who plan to become pregnant during the flu season.
- Adolescents under the age of 818 have long been treated with aspirin.
(2) People who have a greater chance of transmitting the flu virus to high-risk groups
- Medical and health care workers.
- Staff of chronic disease care institutions such as nursing homes and nursing homes.
- Family members and caregivers of people at higher risk of complications after flu.
(3) Contrainers
- Person who is allergic to egg protein or any vaccine.
- Moderate to severe acute fever.
- Had suffered from Guillain-Barre syndrome.
- Physicians believe that other people who cannot be vaccinated against influenza.
(4) Inoculation method and timing
- Children aged 6 months to 9 years who have never been vaccinated with influenza or have received only one dose in the previous year should be given 2 doses at 4 weeks intervals; one dose will be given each year before the high season of influenza. The other population is 1 dose per year.
- Inoculation route is muscle or deep subcutaneous injection, it is recommended that infants choose intra-thigh muscle injection.
10. Antiviral drug prevention: Drug prevention cannot replace vaccination and can only be used as an emergency temporary preventive measure for people at high risk of comorbidity who have not obtained immunity after vaccination or vaccination. Antiviral drugs sensitive to epidemic strains should be selected as preventive drugs. The course of treatment should be determined by the physician, usually 1 to 2 weeks. For those who have been vaccinated but have been immunosuppressed for various reasons, it is expected that it is difficult to obtain effective immune effects. Whether to add antiviral drugs for prevention and timing, course of treatment, dosage, etc. should also be judged by the physician.
(1) Chinese medicine prevention: Those who have clear contact with influenza patients:
- Children, young adults, strong body can be used below: honeysuckle, Daqingye, mint, raw licorice, Shuijianbi, a pair of daily, and even served for 5 days.
- Elderly infirm can be used below: Codonopsis, Su Ye, Nepeta, Shuijianbi, daily, even for 5 days.
(2) Diet Note: After suffering from flu, it is advisable to eat lightly and eat foods that are easy to digest and rich in vitamins. At the same time, attention should be paid to drinking more water, mainly boiled water. Forbidden to eat salty food: After eating salty food, it is easy to shrink the mucosa of the diseased part and aggravate the nasal congestion. Symptoms such as throat discomfort. And salty foods are prone to sputum, stimulating local coughing. Fasting sweet and greasy food: sweetness can help wet, while greasy food is not easy to digest, so patients with cold should not eat all kinds of candy, drinks, fat and so on. Fasting hot food: Xin hot food is easy to hurt the gas and burn, help the fire and sputum, so that it is not easy to cough up, so cold patients should not eat, especially onions must eat less. It is not advisable to eat fried food on the grill: the smell of this kind of food stimulates the respiratory tract and the digestive tract, which may lead to the contraction of the mucous membrane, which makes the condition worse and is not easy to digest. At the same time, should also avoid alcohol and tobacco.
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