What are the clinical manifestations of influenza?

What are the clinical manifestations of influenza?

What are the clinical manifestations of influenza?

1.Incubation period
The incubation period is generally 1 to 7 days, most of which are 2 to 4 days.

2. Performance
(1) simple influenza often suddenly starts, chills and high fever, body temperature can reach 39 ° C ~ 40 ° C, more with headache, body muscle joint pain, extreme fatigue, loss of appetite and other systemic symptoms, often have sore throat, dry cough, can There are nasal congestion, runny nose, discomfort after the sternum. Facial flushing, mild congestive congestion of the conjunctiva. If there is no complication, the self-limiting process is more than 3 to 4 days after the onset of body temperature gradually subsides, the systemic symptoms improve, but cough and physical recovery often take 1 to 2 weeks. Mild flu is similar to the common cold, with mild symptoms and recovery in 2 to 3 days.


(2) Pneumonia-type influenza is essentially a combination of influenza virus pneumonia, which is more common in the elderly, children, and people with heart and lung disease. Mainly manifested as high fever persisting, severe cough, hemoptysis or purulent sputum, shortness of breath, cyanosis, lungs can smell and wet voice. The chest radiograph suggests that there are scattered flocculities in both lungs. Influenza virus can be isolated by cultivating non-pathogenic bacteria. Can die due to respiratory and circulatory failure.

(3) Poisonous influenza manifests as severe symptoms such as hyperthermia, shock, respiratory failure, central nervous system damage and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), with a high mortality rate.

(4) In addition to fever, gastrointestinal influenza is characterized by vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Children are more than adults. It can be restored in 2 to 3 days.

(5) Clinical manifestations of influenza in special populations
Child flu is in the flu season. In general, children infected with influenza virus may be characterized by mild influenza. The main symptoms are fever, cough, runny nose, stuffy nose and sore throat, headache, and a small part of myalgia, vomiting, and diarrhea. The clinical symptoms of infant flu are often atypical and can cause febrile seizures. Neonatal flu is rare, but it is easy to have pneumonia, often with sepsis, such as drowsiness, milk rejection, and apnea. In children, laryngitis, bronchitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and gastrointestinal symptoms caused by influenza virus are more common in adults.

1. Older flu Influenza patients over the age of 65 are elderly flu. Because the elderly often have respiratory diseases, cardiovascular system and other primary diseases, the elderly are more seriously infected with influenza virus, the disease progresses rapidly, the incidence of pneumonia is higher than that of young adults, and other systemic injuries mainly include influenza virus. Electrocardiogram abnormalities caused by myocarditis, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, but also encephalitis and poor glycemic control.
2. Pregnant women with flu in the middle and late stages of influenza infection, in addition to fever, cough and other performance, prone to pneumonia, rapid dyspnea, hypoxemia and even acute respiratory distress syndrome can lead to miscarriage, premature delivery, fetal distress and fetal death Inside. It can induce the aggravation of the original underlying diseases, and serious illness can lead to death.
3. People with immunodeficiency in the immunodeficiency population, such as organ transplant recipients, AIDS patients, and long-term immunosuppressive agents, have a significantly increased risk of developing severe influenza after infection with influenza virus. Due to the prone to influenza virus pneumonia, fever can occur rapidly after onset. Cough, difficulty breathing and cyanosis, high mortality.